Baking-oven.



No. 846,046. PATENTED MAR. 5, 1907:. J. D. NASMITH.

BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED 920.17, 190s.

rnvrrnnl ,STATES PATENT minion,

, JOHN DRYSDALE NAsMiTH, oFfTonoNro, ONTARIO, CANADA.

BklN-OVEN..

To al? wltoltv/Titrty/ concern/: I .l A Be 1t' known that 5I, JOHNDRYsDALE NA- SMITH, of the, c1ty of Toronto, in the county of York, inthe Province of Ontario, Canada,

, baker, have invented certain new and useful forni,l which' willpossess a maximum bakingsurface, occupying but little floor-space, inwhich the products may be handled expeditiously, in which the amount ofheat and moisture in the oven may be regulated to ay nicety, in whichthe. radiation from the machine or oven willbe reduced to a minimum, andpractically all waste heat carried off; and it consists, essentially,ofl an'oven comprising a casing substantially cylindricall in orni andhaving heat-non-conducting Walls, suitable standards for supporting thesame, an interior drum, a reel secured on'the shaft, which extends 'Ythrough the center of the drum and eccentrically to the casing, a seriesof baking-plates pivotally connected to the reel, a hood,

feed and dischar e door and shelf, a receiving-table, an

en lessconveyer, and driving .means, all arrangedand constructed indetailv as jhereinafter more particularly explained.

Figure `1 is a perspective view/of my iin-'- proved baking-oven, portionof the, hood and eat-,non-'conducting material being broken away toexhibit lthe, construction of the cyf section.

lindrical portion. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal Fig. 2'is a cross-section. pFig. 4-is a detail view.

In the drawings Alike letters of referenceindicate corresponding partsin eachiigure.

A is the cylindrical casing, which is supported on thev standards orpedestals B at each side -by means of the brackets C C, which extendthrough the eide walls a, a of the casing and are secured thereto by theinner plates c c, whichare secured to the brackets by the'bolts c c orby any other suitable means. l e. Dj is a shaft which extendseccentrically 'throught-he casingfor a reason which willhereinafterfappear," such shaft being jour- Specificisttion` ofIleetters Patent. l Appueetien filed Deeemter 1'7, 190s. seein N'e.185.582.

moisture-supplying means, a'

dleGQ nal-brackets g', secured to theepedestal or the end of the shaftG. y

Patented March 5,1so7.

naled in suitable roller bearings D' D, located on the brackets C.

dare packing-rings surrounding the shaft D at the inside of theroller-bearings D.

The casingA isl made with a heat-non-con- 6o the heat-non-conductingmaterial is fitted and held. It will thus be seen that thebaking-chamber will eifectually retain the heat, thereby increasing itscontrol, saving fuel, and avoiding discomfort in the workshop, as Wellas lessening risks from fire by overheating adjacent structures.

E is a hood of substantially the form of the upper portion of thecylinder and having a flue E centrally disposed, to which is connectedan extension-flue to carry off the heat and steam. The hood is slightlylarger than the cylinder jand flares at the bottom. The hood is providedwith .the sides e of a forni concentric to the shaft, and whereby suchhood is secured to the ends of the cylinder.

Fis a drum secured/tothe shaft D and closed at both ends, and f areradial arms secured to the drum and connected together at the outer endby the links f. fz are baking'plates or trays, which are pivoted on therods f 3 on the ends of the arms,

, such pins extending through the ends f t" of the trays, formed asshown suitable form.

f5 arerollers secured to one end of the plates or trays so as to engagewith the arm M, hereinafter described.

G is a worm-wheel secured on'the shaft D and meshing with the worm g onthe spinwhich is supported on suitablev jouror in any other standard B.

H and H are tight and loose pulleyson 'h is a bevel--pilnon'located onthe oppositeend of the shaft to that on which the pulleys H and H aresituated and meshing with a bevelinion h2 on the end -of the verticalspindle' 3, which is journaled in suitable bearings h4, attachedsto orformingl part of ICO IlO

' which is provided with any suitable means to prevent its overflowing,such as a ball-tap, (not shown,) and l is a trapped pipe leadingtherefrom to a tray i/,located centrally in the baking-chamber, asindicated in Fig. o.

-The tray t being at a proper level is supplied with water, which onaccount of the heat of the oven evaporates into the baking-chamber. Thetray i is such a size as to supply just the proper amount of moisturefor the baking. The heat is supplied by means of gasburners J, locatednear the bottom of the bakingchamber, as indicated in Fig. 3. Instead ofgas-burners any other suitable means for introducing heat into the ovenmay be utilized; but I preferably utilize gas as the simplest and mostconvenient.

K is the feed and dist-,barge orifice, which is provided with a closingdoor or flap K', having handles 7c and supporting-arms 7cL and k3.' Thearms k2 and 7c3 at each end of the cylinder are pivotally connected 'tothey door and to the'casing, the pivot-points on the casing beingeccentric to the cylinderl or shaft, The arms 7f3 are provided withcounterbalarming-weights r* at their short en e s. The pivot-point ofthe arm kt is farther away .from the center' than the pivot-point of thearm k, and consequently when the door k is thrown open it passesupwardly from the opening k easily, and, vice versa,

when it is thrown down it closes easily onto` the opening. The doorbeing balanced will when raised-remain open, l

L is a shelf, which is supported on inclined ways Z at each end andprovided with bottom racks l and engaged by-the pinion 12 on a cross-rodZ, which is turned by a hand-wheel or handle l, so as to throw the shelfin and out olV the discharge-opening when the door is opened.

M are arms pivoted at their upper ends in the walls of the casing andprovided with a notch m at the lower end and a pivotallyslottedconnection at m to theshelf L.

N is a tray having arc-shaped bottom ends n, which are supported on endrollers n on the truck N', the wheels of which rest on suitable railsa2.

O is an endless conveyc r located beneath the oven and extending fromthel trucks N. to a point at or beyond the hood. The conveyer` O isprovided with cross-slats, but may be of any suitable form.

When it is primarily desired to fill the oven with the'products, thedoor maybe swung open and the baker may by turning the hand-wheel ifadjust the travs opposite the lower side ofthe orifice K and place theproducts on each tray in succession. When placing the products in theoven, of course the truck would be pushed out of the way toward theconveyer O, so that the baker can .bring the racks containing theproducts close to the door for convenienceofplacing them in upon thetrays.

The oven is in practice brought to the required teinperature before anyof the articles to be'baked are placed on the shelves, the doors beingopen during the time the oven is being heated. Then 'the articles orproducts to be baked are placed on the shelves, and the oven may berotated by the driving-pulley H, driven by a belt from any suitablesource of power. During the baking and in the intervals 'when the bakedarticles are not being removed from the shelves the door may be closed;but as it is in practice being opened at short intervals for the'removal of baked aticles and the insertion of unbaked ones there ispenty of opportunity for the escape of the products ofcombustion,especially as the door does not fit hermetieal'ly` After 'thegoods have been baked sufficiently the power would he thrown oii, andthe baker after opening the door K may `by turning the handle adjust theshelf' L'inwardly, so as to bring the arms'M inwardly into the positionshowinin dotted lines in Fig. 3. By now turning the hand-wheel h5 thetray to Vthe left of the shelf is brought into the tilted position shownin dotted lines by means of Ithe roller ou the front edge thereofcontacting with the notched" end of the arm M.. The truck N is of coursepreviously brought IOO into the position shown in the drawi11g,with

the receiving-tray, however, in the.` position shown in dotted hnes. It'will thus be seen Y that the products will slide off from the plates f2over the shelf L and onto the receiving-tray NL The truck N may now bepushed forwardly toward the endless conveye: O and the receiving-traytilted into the reverse position to that shown in dotted lines, so as todeposit the products upon the endless convcyer O. In this position the'receiving-tray and truck will be out4 ofthe road. The baker then may bymeans of the handewlieel 71,5 turn` the plates backwardly, so that theempty plateswill be closeito the lower side of the dischargeopening. Theunbaked goods from a new rack may then be placed upon a plate and theshelf L with! llO the receivingposition hereinbefore described. lt Willthus be seen that the products of each shelf .in the oven maybedischarged and the. shelf reloaded inrniediately thereafter, and therebya great deal of time saved.

It will he seen fromthis description' that the *areay to be heated of mybaking-chamber is reduced to the smallest possil'ile space by the drumF. It will also be seen that I provide ready means for rotating thebakingplates by power or by hand and also su'llici en t. moisture in thebaking-chamber, so essential in some styles v of loaf-bread. The casingbeing mostly/'covered by a hood, i t will also. be

readily understood that the steam and heat when bread or cakes are beingtaken out will pass up and out of the building.

Another advantage which I attain in my construction is 'theaccessibilityv in placing the 'products in the baking-chamber orremoving 1t therefrom. Besides, I 'am enabled to save l floor-space,'asthere is no long draw-plates or peel used. It will alsobe understoodthat the door being practically at the bottom of the oven the heat andmoisture 'will be retained in the oven to a maximum extent. Again, onaccount of the construction of my oven I am enabled to makef itpractically a machine which is readily adaptable for erection on eitherupperor lower floor, and not only this, but it may be taken apart andreerected when it is desirable to extend or change the premises.

That I claim as my invention is- 1. In a baking-oven' of the reel type,a cylindrical casing, suitably supported, and provided With an orificeor mouth forfeeding and discharging the products near the bottorn of thecasing 4and in the periphery thereof, whereby a maximum amount of heatis preserved in the oven, a door, and means for moving the dooreccentrically to the cylindricalportion of the casing containing suchdoor, so as to close the orifice in theperiphery of the casing, asspecified.

2. In an oven of the reel type, the combination with the casing and feedand discharge orifice, of a door for the same balanced so as to remainin an'open or olosed'position and so arranged that it Will move in anarc eccentricto the casing, so as to close and open the orifice, `asspecified.

3. In an oven of the reel. type, the combination with the cylindricalcasing having a feed and discharge orifice, and the shaft, of

'rotatable baking-shelves suitably carried by the shaft, rollers on theends of each of said baking-shelves adjacent the outer edge thereof,arms provided With notched lower ends, and pivoted at their upper ends,in the interior of the'ends of the casing above the orifice therein, andmeans for throwing such arms inwardly into the path of the shelves, asspecified.

4. In an oven of the reel type, the combination With the cylindricalcasing having a feed and discharge orihcc, and the shaft, of rotatablehalting-shelves suitably carried bv the shaft. arms, pivoted at theirupper ends rotatable baking-shelves suitably carried by the shaft, armspivoted at. their upper ends in the interior of the ends of the casing,-a plate pivotally connected to the lower ends of the arms, racks formedat the bottom of the plate and pinions suitably operated and meshingwith such racks, as specified.

6. In an Aoven of the reel type, the combination with the cylindricalcasing having a discharge-orifice and the shaft, of bakingshelvessuitably carried hy the shaft. a movable plate extending from the loyvcrside of the orifice at an inclination outwardly, and a tiltablereceiving-tray located beneath the plat-e and so pivoted that whentilted the. planes of the tray and plate are coincident as' specified.

7. In an oven of the reel type, the combination With the cylindricalcasing having a discllarge-milicev and the shaft, of bakingshelvessuit-ably carried by the shaft, a movable plate extending from the lowerside of the orifice at an inclination outwardly, a tiltablereceiving-tray located beneath the plate and provided witharc-shapedends, rollers journaled in suitable bearings on which thearc-shaped ends are supported, and a supporting-truck for the tray, asspecified.

8. In an oven of the reel type, a cylindrical casing forming thebaking-chamber and provided With an orifice in the periphery thereofnear the bottom and which the front portion of the casing of the ovenoverhangs, means for supporting the casing above the floor, so as toleave a clearspace underneath the oven, whereby the baked productsdischarged from the orifice may be removed rearwardly underneath theoven away from the unb aked product s brought to the orifice to refillthe shelves,

anda hood enveloping the Whole upper surface down to the level of -theorifice and spaced from the casing to form a flue to carry away thesteam of the baked products, and gases from the Whole oven, asspecified.

9. In an oven of the reel type,`a cylindrical casing forming thebaking-chamber and provided With an orifice in the periphery thereofnear the bottom and which. the portion of the casing of the oven at thefront overhangs, means for support-ing the casing above the floor, so asto leave a'clear space underneath IOO' IIO

una

the oven, a receiving means for the baked; products in proximity to theorifice and a supplemental receiving means located in ya spaceunderneath the oven to carry the baked products to the rear oli the ovenclear of the unbaked products brought to the ovenmouth to reiill theshelves, and a hood enveloping the whole upper surface down to the levelof the opening and spaced 'from the casing to form a .flue to carry awaythe steam of the baked products7 and gases from the whole oven, asspecified. l y

10. In an oven of the reel type, a cylin drical casing forming the b akirig-chamber and provided with oriiice in the periphery thereof .near thebottom and which the portion of the casing of the oven at the frontoverhangs, meansfor supporting the casing above the floor, seas to leavea clear space underneath the oven, a tiltable receiving-tray designed tobe thrown to incline downwardly and outwardl'y to receive the productsfrom the'oven and have its inclination reversed to discharge theproducts of the oven underneath the cas ing and an endless belt designedto receive such baked products and carry them to thc rear of the ovenclear ofthe unbaked products brought to reiill the shelves and a hood'lenveloping' the whole upper surface down to i the level of the openingand spaced from the casing to form a iiue to carry away the steam wholeoven, as speciiied.

1l. In an oven: of 'the reel typeya cylin-v drical casing forming thebaking-ch amber and having an' opening near the bottom and a hoodenveloping` its Awhole upper surface down to the opening, spaced fromthe casing, and provided with front and rear bottom openings, and anexit-flue Iat the top of the hood to carry oil the steam of thebaked'prodnets, and gases from the whole oven, as speciiied.

12. In an oven of the reel type, the combination with the cylindricalcasing forming a baking-chamler7 of ribs forming a 'frame for supportingthe casing at the inside and forming pockets at the outside, and theheat-n on-y conducting material secured in and filling the pocketsbetween the ribs so as to entirely cover the interior casing asspecilied.

13. In. an oven of the reel type, a cylindrical casing provided with endwalls, standards or pedestals, and brackets supported on top of thestandards or pedestals, and interior plates secured to theinside of' thewalls, and bolts securing such plates to the brackets eX- tendingthrough the walls, as specilied.

JOHN DRYSDALE NASMITH. itnessesz B. Born,

C. H. BATE.

